How should the electromagnetic and thermal trip characteristics of circuit breakers be adapted to the loads of rural lighting electrical ready boards in Africa?

Adaptation scheme of electromagnetic and thermal tripping of circuit breakers in rural lighting electrical ready boards in Africa

Suitable for rural lighting electrical ready board loads in Africa, the circuit breaker thermal trip focuses on overload protection, while the electromagnetic trip is responsible for short-circuit transient protection. It needs to be matched with the characteristics of local lighting loads, large voltage fluctuations, and line aging, taking into account reliability and infrequent false tripping. Thermal trip mainly deals with problems such as overload, high current caused by low voltage, poor contact of the circuit, and heat generation. Rural lighting mainly uses LED lamps, energy-saving lamps, and a small amount of incandescent lamps. The normal working current is stable and there is no high-power impact load. The setting current for thermal trip should be selected at 1.0-1.1 times the rated current of the circuit to avoid frequent tripping under light load; For situations where voltage is unstable and small power appliances are occasionally connected, Ir adjustable thermal release can be used to improve adaptability. At the same time, the inverse time characteristic is selected, with slight overload delay tripping and severe overload rapid action, protecting the insulation of the circuit and the driving power supply of the lamps. Electromagnetic tripping is a short-circuit instantaneous protection, and the operating current should avoid the surge of the lamp starting. LED lighting has a small startup surge, and it is recommended to set the electromagnetic trip setting value to 5-10 times the rated current. This can quickly cut off phase line short circuits and ground short circuits, prevent fires and equipment damage, and avoid false tripping caused by normal startup. The local power lines are poorly laid, prone to rodent damage and external force damage, and must have sufficient instantaneous sensitivity to prevent accidents from escalating in the event of a short circuit. Overall, the selection of C-characteristic miniature circuit breakers is the most suitable, with thermal tripping stable overload and electromagnetic tripping anti short circuit, matching the characteristics of light loads, small surges, and poor line environments in rural lighting in Africa, ensuring continuous power supply and electrical safety.